Principal Industries :-In 1947, condition of industrial sector was very poor. The basic facilities were not available and industrial sector was facing many problems. The government of Pakistan has paid special attention to this sector and now the heavy industries like steel, iron and fertilizers are in advance stage.
Following are the important industries in Pakistan :
1. Textile Industry :-
In Pakistan, it is the largest industry it is providing 38% of industrial employment to the people. Its share in the total industrial export is almost 60%. No doubt the competition in the world market is increasing and there is an heed of proper guidance to improve the quality of the product. In 1993-94 due to fall in cotton production this industry suffered the set back.
2. Sugar Industry :-
In 1947, we had only two sugar factories in Pakistan. Now we have 78 sugar factories. The consumption of sugar is also increasing with the rise in population. The production of sugar is satisfactory and now, it is in the open market. The government of Pakistan is trying its best to become self sufficient in sugar. In this regard we will have to establish new mills, and we will have to encourage the farmers.
3. Cement Industry :-
Now there are 25 cement factories in Pakistan. In the private sector there are 21 factories, while in the public sector there are 4 factories. Still the demand of the people is greater than the supply. We can achieve the self sufficiency stage by increasing the number of units. The State Cement Corporation of Pakistan is providing the cement to the people through stockists and various agencies. But sometimes these people create shortage to sell it at higher rates. Now Govt. has privatized the cement factory to encourage private sector.
4. Chemical Industry :-
There was no any chemical industry in 1947. Now there are 12 Chemical Projects in Pakistan. Its share the GNP is more than 3%. Now their demand of chemical and related products is increasing day by day in Pakistan. Every year government spends a lot of money on the important chemicals. We can increase the supply of chemicals by increasing the new units and adopting the new methods of production.
5. Woolen Industry :-
Now in Pakistan 16 woolen mills are working. In 1947, there was no any single woolen mill. Now these mills are not only meeting the domestic needs but also exporting the woolen cloth, woolen yarn and carpets to other countries.
6. Vegetable and Cooking Oil :-
In Pakistan now 166 vegetable ghee factories are working. Only seven factories are in the public sector and 159 are in the private sector. The Ghee Corporation of Pakistan is operating the public sector units.
7. Jute Industry :-
Now we have paid proper attention to this industry. At present there are 12 jute mills in the country. We import the raw material from Bangladesh and China for this industry.
8. Pakistan Steel Mills :-
The establishment of steel mills in Karachi is the milestone in the history of Pakistan. This project is built with the help of Soviet Union. But at present the industry is suffering a loss. In 1987-88 it has suffered a loss of Rs. 1.93 billion. We hope that in the long run it will improve its performance. It has 19684 employees. Its main product is Coke, Iron, hot rolled, coils and billets.
9. Engineering Goods Industry :-
In Pakistan four heavy engineering industries are working in various parts of the country. There are also a large number of light and medium industries which are producing machine tools for various factories.
10. Paper and Board Industry :-
The demand of paper and board is increasing day by day. In Pakistan at present there are more than 30 units which are producing paper and board but the production of these units is not sufficient to meet the demand. Every year a lot of foreign exchange is being spent on the import of paper and board.We should increase the number of unit is to meet the demand of the country.
11. Fertilizers :-
At present there 10 units in Pakistan. These are meeting 70% of the total demand. Total out put is 4651 thousands tons.
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